Protective Effect of Huangqi Guizhi Wuwutang Combined with Shengmaiyin on Cardiac Function of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To observe the protective effect of Huangqi Guizhi Wuwutang combined with Shengmaiyin on the heart function in patients with diabetic cardiomyopathy and explore its anti-myocardial fibrosis and anti-inflammatory effects. Method:The 96 patients were randomly divided into observation group （48 cases） and control group （48 cases）. Both groups were given comprehensive measures to control blood sugar， blood lipids， blood pressure and heart failure. Patients in control group took Tongmai Jiangtang capsule， 3 granules/time， 3 times/day. Patients in observation group took Huangqi Guizhi Wuwutang combined with modified Shengmaiyin， 1 dose/day. The treatment courses were three months in both groups. Left ventricular ejection fraction （LVEF）， early diastolic peak velocity E peak/late diastolic peak velocity A peak （E/A）， left ventricular end diastolic diameter （LVEDd） and cardiac output per stroke （SV） through echocardiography were recorded before and after therapy. Cardiac troponin-I （cTn I）， troponin T （cTn-T）， creatine kinase isoenzyme -MB （CK-MB）， lactate dehydrogenase （LDH）， transforming growth factor-<italic>β</italic>₁ （TGF-<italic>β</italic>₁） before and after treatment ， matrix metalloproteinase-2 （MMP-2）， insulin-like growth factor-1 （IGF-1）， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， IL-1， tumor necrosis factor-<italic>α</italic> （TNF-<italic>α</italic>）， N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide （NT-proBNP）， soluble ST2 （sST2） and galectin-3 （Gal-3） levels were detected. Symptom of cardiac insufficiency and traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndrome score were evaluated before and after treatment. Result:The LVEF and E/A data in observation group were higher than those in control group （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. The levels of cTn-I， cTn-T， LDH and CK-MB in the observation group were lower than those in the control group （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. After treatment， the levels of TGF-<italic>β</italic>₁， MMP-2， IGF-1， IL-6， IL-1， TNF-<italic>α</italic>， NT-proBNP， sST2 and Gal-3 in the observation group decreased and were lower than those in the control group （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. The clinical efficacy of the observation group was better than that of the control group （<italic>Z</italic>=1.974，<italic>P</italic><0.05）. Conclusion:On the basis of conventional intervention of western medicine， Huangqi Guizhi Wuwutang combined with modified Shengmaiyin has anti-inflammatory and anti-myocardial fibrosis effects， with inhibitory effect on myocardial remodeling， and can reduce myocardial tissue damage to improve ventricular diastolic function and protect heart function. With such high clinical efficacy， it is worthy of clinical use.

Effect of Danggui Shaoyaosan on Diminished Ovarian Reserve in Model Rats： An Exploration Based on TGF-β1/ Smads Signaling Pathway / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To observe the improving effect of Danggui Shaoyaosan on diminished ovarian reserve （DOR） in rats triggered by Tripterygia wilfordii polyglycoside tablet combined with stress， and to explore the role of transforming growth factor-<italic>β</italic>₁（TGF-<italic>β</italic>₁）/Smads signaling pathway in such improvement. Method:Forty-eight female SD rats with normal sexual cycle were selected and randomly divided into a normal group （<italic>n</italic>=8） and a modeling group （<italic>n</italic>=40）， and the ones in the modeling group were given Tripterygium wilfordii polyglycoside tablets （50 mg·kg^-1） combined with random stress for 15 d. After successful modeling， the rats were randomized into the model group， low-， medium-， and high-dose （3.96， 7.92， 15.84 g·kg^-1） Danggui Shaoyaosan groups， and estradiol valerate group （0.09 mg·kg^-1）， with eight in each group. Under the premise of stress exposure， they were separately gavaged with the normal saline， low-， medium- and high-dose Danggui Shaoyaosan， and estradiol valerate for 15 successive days. The estrous cycle of rats in each group was observed daily. After intervention， the rats were sacrificed and the ovarian visceral index was calculated. The pathological changes in ovarian tissues were observed by hematoxylin eosin （HE） staining. The protein expression levels of TGF-<italic>β</italic>₁ and TGF-<italic>β</italic>₁receptor （TGF-<italic>β</italic>₁R） in the ovarian tissues of rats were measured by immunohistochemistry （IHC）， and the mRNA expression levels of Smad2， Smad3， and Smad7 in the ovarian tissues by real-time polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR）. Result:Compared with the normal group， the model group exhibited disordered estrus cycle （<italic>P</italic><0.05）， reduced visceral index （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， and down-regulated TGF-<italic>β</italic>₁ and TGF-<italic>β</italic>₁R protein and Smad2 and Smad3 mRNA expression in the ovarian tissues （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， and up-regulated Smad7 mRNA expression （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. Compared with the model group， Danggui Shaoyaosan at the low， medium， and high doses and estradiol valerate improved the estrus cycle of rats to varying degrees （<italic>P</italic><0.05） and increased the visceral index， with better effects observed in the medium-group and high-dose Danggui Shaoyaosan groups （<italic>P</italic><0.05，<italic>P</italic><0.01）. Besides， the protein expression levels of TGF-<italic>β</italic>₁ and TGF-<italic>β</italic>₁R and the mRNA expression levels of Smad2 and Smad3 in the ovarian tissues were elevated to varying degrees （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， and the Smad7 mRNA expression declined （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. The improvements in TGF-<italic>β</italic>₁ and TGF-<italic>β</italic>₁R protein expression of the medium-dose Danggui Shaoyaosan group and estradiol valerate group were more obvious. Conclusion:Danggui Shaoyaosan significantly improves ovarian reserve in DOR rats， which is closely related to the regulation of TGF-<italic>β</italic>₁/Smads signaling pathway.

Clinical Effect of Dahuang Zhechong Wan on Pelvic Pain Caused by Endometriosis with Qi Stagnation and Blood Stasis Syndrome / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: To discuss the clinical effect of Dahuang Zhechong Wan on pelvic pain caused by endometriosis with Qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome and study the mechanism of action. Method: One hundred and twenty-six patients were randomly divided into control group (64 cases) and observation group (62 cases) by random number table. Both groups' patients got Duphaston from the 5th to 25th days of menstrual cycle, 1 tablet/day, 2 times/days. Patients in control group got Sanjie Zhentong Jiaonang at the first day of menstruation, 4 grains/time, 3 times/days. Patients in observation group got Dahuang Zhechong Wan, 3 g/time, 2 times/days. The treatment in two groups continued for 3 menstrual cycles. Before treatment and at the first, second and third menstrual cycles after the treatment, visual analogue score (VAS) of pain was used for dysmenorrheal. Before AND after the treatment, scores of symptoms, signs, Qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome and endometriosis were scored by endometriosis health profile-5 (EHP-5). And hemorheology was detected, and levels of matrix metalloproteinases-2 (MMP-2), MMP-9, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1 (IL-1), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), prostaglandin F2α(PGF2α) and substance P (SP) were detected. Result: By rank sum test, the clinical effect of disease in observation group was better than that in control group (Z=2.198, PPPPα, IL-1, PGF2α and SP were lower than those in control group (P2 was higher than that in control group (PConclusion: In addition to treatment of progestogen, Dahuang Zhechong Wan can relieve pelvic pain, improve quality of life and clinical effect, and regulate levels of prostaglandins, matrix metalloproteinases and proinflammatory factors.

Promyelocytic leukemia-retinoic acid receptor α fusion gene: Research advances / 国际药学研究杂志

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a distinctive subtype of acute myeloid leukemia with a distinct biology and clinical presentation. Its molecular biology characteristic is a aberrant chromosomal translocation of the promyelocytic leukemia (PML) gene on chromosome 15 and the retinoic acid receptor α(RARα) gene on chromosome 17. This translocation generates PML-RARα fusion protein, which plays an important role in the genesis, development, diagnosis and therapy of APL. The PML protein has a close relationship with PML-RARα fusion gene. This article mainly summarizes the character, the function of PML protein and the degradation pathway of PML-RARα.